Are Long Term Bitcoin Holders Accumulating Or Distributing?

Bitcoin (CRYPTO: BTC) is trading near $87,000 in mid-December 2025, down approximately 26% from its October all-time high of $126,080. While price volatility continues to dominate headlines, a deeper analysis of long-term holder behavior reveals critical insights about where the market might be headed next. Understanding whether experienced investors are building positions or taking profits provides valuable clues about Bitcoin’s near-term trajectory and the underlying strength of this market cycle.

Understanding Long Term Holder Behavior

Long-term holders, defined as wallets holding Bitcoin for more than 155 days, represent experienced investors whose actions often signal major market shifts. These participants control substantial portions of the circulating supply and typically possess deeper market knowledge gained through multiple cycles.

Recent data indicates that long-term holder supply reached nearly 16 million BTC in late 2024, representing roughly 80% of the circulating supply. However, this percentage has declined modestly throughout 2025, suggesting some profit-taking activity has emerged as Bitcoin crossed major psychological milestones above $100,000.

The distinction between long-term and short-term holders matters because each group responds differently to market conditions. While newer participants often react emotionally to volatility, seasoned holders demonstrate conviction that extends beyond immediate price action, creating identifiable patterns that analysts use to identify accumulation phases and distribution zones.

Recent Data Shows Mixed Signals

Between December 1 and December 10, accumulation wallets added 75,000 BTC, with a massive 40,000 BTC purchased in a single day during that period. These specialized addresses, characterized by frequent inflows and minimal outflows dating back at least 7 years, now hold approximately 315,000 Bitcoin collectively. This surge suggests that some experienced market participants view current price levels as attractive entry points.

However, this accumulation contrasts with broader distribution trends observed throughout much of 2025. The reduction from peak long-term holder supply levels indicates that some experienced investors chose to monetize portions of their holdings when Bitcoin crossed $100,000 earlier this year. The emergence of U.S. spot exchange-traded funds created unprecedented liquidity and attractive exit opportunities for holders who accumulated during the 2022 bear market below $20,000.

Many long-standing holders chose to sell in 2025 after years of patient accumulation. These sales were primarily lifestyle driven rather than motivated by negative fundamental views. For investors who held through multiple cycles, the ability to monetize holdings through highly liquid regulated products represented an opportunity to realize life-changing gains.

Technical Analysis Points To Consolidation

From a technical perspective, Bitcoin is currently moving along the middle region of the Bollinger Bands, with price action trading below the upper band. This pattern indicates the market is attempting recovery but has not yet gained full momentum.

The Relative Strength Index sits at 49, indicating neutral strength following recovery from late November’s oversold levels. A decisive close above $94,500 could open the door toward retesting $100,000, especially if accumulation strength continues as evidenced by recent wallet activity.

Market participants are closely monitoring the 2-year simple moving average, currently positioned at $82,800. Historically, monthly closes below this level have marked extended bearish phases, while monthly defenses above it have signaled cycle survival. With December drawing to a close, this technical level has taken on increased importance as a potential support zone for early 2026.

Short Term Holders Face Mounting Pressure

The divergence between long-term and short-term holder behavior has become increasingly pronounced. Short-term participants who entered positions when Bitcoin traded above $100,000 now face significant unrealized losses. Many coins acquired in the past 155 days sit above current spot levels, creating psychological pressure that could lead to capitulation if prices fail to show meaningful recovery.

Analysis of Spent Output Profit Ratio metrics reveals profit realization has increased in recent weeks, confirming that some long-term holders are taking gains. Yet the rate of distribution remains far below levels that historically mark cycle peaks. Values closer to 1.0 represent heightened distribution characteristic of market tops, while readings near 0.0 reflect continued accumulation. Current metrics sit between these extremes, suggesting balanced conditions rather than aggressive selling.

This indicates that while some long-term holders are monetizing portions of their holdings, the behavior appears measured and strategic. The absence of extreme selling despite a 26% correction suggests that most experienced investors maintain confidence in Bitcoin’s long-term value proposition.

Institutional Adoption Reshapes Supply Dynamics

The launch of U.S. spot Bitcoin ETFs has fundamentally altered supply and demand dynamics. These investment vehicles absorbed significant portions of long-term holder supply throughout 2024 and into 2025, providing liquidity for investors seeking exits while simultaneously attracting new capital from traditional finance participants.

Corporate treasuries and retirement plans have added Bitcoin exposure through these regulated vehicles, creating persistent demand that supports prices during distribution periods. The combination of selling from experienced individual holders and buying from institutional channels has facilitated a transfer of supply without triggering the steep 70% to 80% drawdowns seen in 2018 or 2022.

Market analysts note that long-term holders are employing sophisticated strategies beyond simple spot selling. Some are utilizing covered call options to generate income while maintaining underlying positions. This approach allows holders to collect premiums by selling the right for buyers to purchase Bitcoin at predetermined future prices.

Long-term holders with decade-old inventory add call selling as fresh delta to the market, creating negative pressure on spot prices. Market makers who purchase these covered calls must hedge exposure by selling spot Bitcoin, creating downward pressure despite strong ETF demand. This dynamic helps explain why Bitcoin has struggled to maintain momentum above $100,000.

Exchange Reserve Data Signals Supply Tightening

Bitcoin reserves held on exchanges have declined significantly throughout 2025, falling to 2.751 million BTC by late December. Over-the-counter balances also dropped by 21% since January 2025 to all-time lows near 155,000 BTC, indicating supply redistribution toward institutional and high net worth participants. This shift typically reduces immediate selling pressure because OTC holders tend to have longer investment horizons.

On Binance specifically, record withdrawals are occurring alongside weak deposits. This pattern suggests holders are moving coins into cold storage rather than preparing to sell, which generally indicates accumulation intent. Combined with broader decreases in exchange reserves, these metrics point toward supply tightening even as some long-term holders take profits.

The reduction in readily available supply on exchanges creates conditions where demand spikes can trigger sharp price movements. With fewer coins ready for immediate sale, any renewed buying interest could push prices higher more quickly than in environments with abundant exchange liquidity.

What To Watch Moving Forward

The current positioning suggests that significant long-term holder distribution has likely passed its peak, though measured profit-taking continues. The November price bottom near $80,000 appears to have marked a local low that attracted renewed buying interest.

Key metrics to monitor include the rate of change in long-term holder balances, exchange reserves, OTC balances, and options market activity. Additionally, monitoring behavior across different holder age bands offers granular perspective on market sentiment and can signal upcoming price movements.

Conclusion

The evidence suggests Bitcoin long-term holders are neither aggressively accumulating nor engaging in widespread distribution. Instead, the market reflects measured profit-taking by some experienced investors balanced by continued conviction from others and steady accumulation by institutional participants. While short-term holders face pressure from unrealized losses, the stabilization of long-term holder behavior combined with improving technical indicators and reduced exchange supply creates a foundation for potential recovery as 2025 concludes.

Benzinga Disclaimer: This article is from an unpaid external contributor. It does not represent Benzinga’s reporting and has not been edited for content or accuracy.

Feature Image: AI generated